Infectious hepatitis is an infectious disease caused by a virus. Formerly the condition was simply called jaundice; now we know that catarrhal jaundice is produced by an inflammation of the liver resulting from an attack by the virus which is specific for that disease. Epidemiologists believe that the virus gets into the human being by two possible routes: 1) by inhaling a droplet from the throat coughed into the air by people who are infected, and 2) by consuming contaminated food or water.The jaundice and the symptoms gradually subside in from one to three weeks. When the jaundice has cleared completely and the patient is becoming convalescent, relapses may occur and the jaundice will reappear. Rest in bed is one of the most important treatments. Most of the patients get well and do not have any after-effects; about 90 per cent recover in this way. The number of people who die is exceedingly small, perhaps something like one in every 500 people who are infected with this virus. In one or two per cent of the infected chronic liver damage occurs, and these people can be troubled thereafter with hardening and scarring of the liver.

Parents who are anticipating undergoing a high-risk, complicated pregnancy in order to have children understand that if they chose to become pregnant, they also may be at risk for delivering an infant who is extremely premature. Parents wonder whether an infant born at the edge of viability should receive all the heroics that neonatal technology can offer, just supportive care, or something in between. How are those difficult decisions made? I encourage parents to arrange a visit with their hospital's neonatal intensive care unit before becoming pregnant. They should ask to speak with the supervising physician about what laws apply in their state to the "window of uncertainty," that period of time during which viability is possible, but very hard to predict. Parents will want to know whether they can trust that their infant's doctors will be dedicated to working closely with them.Trauma to the spine mostly occurs due to high velocity accidents like vehicular accidents and fall from height. It may not happen as an isolated injury; associated abdominal, chest and head injuries may also be seen. Intra-abdominal bleeding and bleeding inside chest will require urgent attention; but associated spinal injuries have to be supported during that period to prevent further neurological damage. Traumatic injuries to spine are increasing in number in these days and deaths out number any other form of death.


If you or someone you know has one or more of these symptoms you need to act fast. Stroke damage occurs when the blood flow is cut off from the brain. The longer you wait for treatment the greater the damage. Immediate treatment can save lives and improve the chances for successful recovery.After some days, again he come up with an obstructed hernia; a stage ahead of the previous complication, the irreducibility. Now, an emergency surgery has to be performed to save the contents from a death trap, prevent gangrene and save the life of the patient. I do not understand the logic behind the behavior of the patient in this bizarre manner. Obstructed hernias are usually taken up under general anesthesia. But, bronchitis increases the anesthetic risk many fold. It was decided to take up the case under local anesthesia and sedation. Intra-operatively, a toxic hemorrhagic fluid is found in the hernial sac; with the contents free from gangrene. The operation was concluded uneventfully. Now, the bronchitis part has to be watched carefully, so that, it does not cause a problem in the smooth recovery.
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